Intro
ARM stands for Advanced RISC Machine. It is a family of CPUs used in various smartphones, IoT devices, Smart gadgets, routers, etc. They are developed by Arm Ltd. ARM, initially stood for Acorn RISC Machine, and then it was changed to Advanced RISC Machine. A RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) is a microprocessor that has very optimized instructions. RISC CPU requires more number of instructions to accomplish the same compared to CISC. CISC is commonly used in PC and laptops. (x86, x64)
The ARM machines are usually smaller in size and are more energy efficient. This is why it is used in devices like smartphones. ARM is known as a load-store architecture which means that it can’t directly perform operations on data in the memory it should be loaded in the appropriate registers before performing any operations.
The RISC Machines use a technique called pipelining to speed up the execution. It is the process of fetching the next instruction while the current instruction is being executed. RISC Machines use more registers compared to CISC Machines. It is much simpler when compared to CISC Machines.
As the usage of smart gadgets, IoT devices, and smartphones is increasing day by day we need to learn about their security aspects too. ARM has a 32-bit architecture and 64-bit architecture. Most of the smartphones manufactured these days are using ARM64.